A Voyage

Feel the magic

2007-12-12T04:34:00.001-08:00

http://mim.mbc.net/

40 Tips for optimising php code

2007-12-12T04:26:00.000-08:00

If a method can be static, declare it static. Speed improvement is by a factor of 4.
echo is faster than print.
Use echo's multiple parameters instead of string concatenation.
Set the maxvalue for your for-loops before and not in the loop.
Unset your variables to free memory, especially large arrays.
Avoid magic like __get, __set, __autoload
require_once() is expensive
Use full paths in includes and requires, less time spent on resolving the OS paths.
If you need to find out the time when the script started executing, $_SERVER[’REQUEST_TIME’] is preferred to time()
See if you can use strncasecmp, strpbrk and stripos instead of regex
str_replace is faster than preg_replace, but strtr is faster than str_replace by a factor of 4
If the function, such as string replacement function, accepts both arrays and single characters as arguments, and if your argument list is not too long, consider writing a few redundant replacement statements, passing one character at a time, instead of one line of code that accepts arrays as search and replace arguments.
It's better to use select statements than multi if, else if, statements.
Error suppression with @ is very slow.
Turn on apache's mod_deflate
Close your database connections when you're done with them
$row[’id’] is 7 times faster than $row[id]
Error messages are expensive
Do not use functions inside of for loop, such as for ($x=0; $x <>
Incrementing a local variable in a method is the fastest. Nearly the same as calling a local variable in a function.
Incrementing a global variable is 2 times slow than a local var.
Incrementing an object property (eg. $this->prop++) is 3 times slower than a local variable.
Incrementing an undefined local variable is 9-10 times slower than a pre-initialized one.
Just declaring a global variable without using it in a function also slows things down (by about the same amount as incrementing a local var). PHP probably does a check to see if the global exists.
Method invocation appears to be independent of the number of methods defined in the class because I added 10 more methods to the test class (before and after the test method) with no change in performance.
Methods in derived classes run faster than ones defined in the base class.
A function call with one parameter and an empty function body takes about the same time as doing 7-8 $localvar++ operations. A similar method call is of course about 15 $localvar++ operations.
Surrounding your string by ' instead of " will make things interpret a little faster since php looks for variables inside "..." but not inside '...'. Of course you can only do this when you don't need to have variables in the string.
When echoing strings it's faster to separate them by comma instead of dot. Note: This only works with echo, which is a function that can take several strings as arguments.
A PHP script will be served at least 2-10 times slower than a static HTML page by Apache. Try to use more static HTML pages and fewer scripts.
Your PHP scripts are recompiled every time unless the scripts are cached. Install a PHP caching product to typically increase performance by 25-100% by removing compile times.
Cache as much as possible. Use memcached - memcached is a high-performance memory object caching system intended to speed up dynamic web applications by alleviating database load. OP code caches are useful so that your script does not have to be compiled on every request
When working with strings and you need to check that the string is either of a certain length you'd understandably would want to use the strlen() function. This function is pretty quick since it's operation does not perform any calculation but merely return the already known length of a string available in the zval structure (internal C struct used to store variables in PHP). However because strlen() is a function it is still somewhat slow because the function call requires several operations such as lowercase & hashtable lookup followed by the execution of said function. In some instance you can improve the speed of your code by using an isset() trick.

Ex.
if (strlen($foo) <>
vs.
if (!isset($foo{5})) { echo "Foo is too short"; }

Calling isset() happens to be faster then strlen() because unlike strlen(), isset() is a language construct and not a function meaning that it's execution does not require function lookups and lowercase. This means you have virtually no overhead on top of the actual code that determines the string's length.
When incrementing or decrementing the value of the variable $i++ happens to be a tad slower then ++$i. This is something PHP specific and does not apply to other languages, so don't go modifying your C or Java code thinking it'll suddenly become faster, it won't. ++$i happens to be faster in PHP because instead of 4 opcodes used for $i++ you only need 3. Post incrementation actually causes in the creation of a temporary var that is then incremented. While pre-incrementation increases the original value directly. This is one of the optimization that opcode optimized like Zend's PHP optimizer. It is a still a good idea to keep in mind since not all opcode optimizers perform this optimization and there are plenty of ISPs and servers running without an opcode optimizer.
Not everything has to be OOP, often it is too much overhead, each method and object call consumes a lot of memory.
Do not implement every data structure as a class, arrays are useful, too
Don't split methods too much, think, which code you will really re-use
You can always split the code of a method later, when needed
Make use of the countless predefined functions
If you have very time consuming functions in your code, consider writing them as C extensions

Excellent Article about optimizing php by John Lim from http://reinholdweber.com/?p=3

Kremlin and Red Square

2007-05-09T00:24:00.000-07:00

Location : Moscow, Russia

Stonehenge

2007-05-09T00:20:00.000-07:00

Location : Amesbury, United Kingdom

Chichen Itza

2007-05-09T00:18:00.000-07:00

Location : Yucatan, Mexico

Angkor Wat

2007-05-09T00:16:00.000-07:00

Location : Angkor, Cambodia

Easter Island Moais

2007-05-09T00:14:00.000-07:00

Location : Easter Island, Chile

Timbuktu

2007-05-09T00:11:00.000-07:00

Location : Mali

Christ the Redeemer

2007-05-08T23:56:00.000-07:00

Location : Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Sydney Opera House

2007-05-08T23:53:00.000-07:00

Location : Sydney , Australia

Statue of liberty

2007-05-08T23:38:00.000-07:00

Location : New York City , United States

Giza Pyramid

2007-05-08T23:24:00.000-07:00

Location : Egypt

Petre

2007-05-08T23:18:00.000-07:00

Location : Jordan

Eiffel Tower

2007-05-08T23:13:00.000-07:00

Location : Paris, France
Constructed : 1889

Height

Antenna/Spire 324 m (1,063 ft)
Roof 300.65 m (986 ft)

Bear

2007-05-08T10:25:00.000-07:00

Butterfly

2007-05-08T10:23:00.000-07:00

Nishagandhi

2007-05-08T10:14:00.000-07:00

Alamcode , a fantastic one

2007-04-28T22:24:00.001-07:00

Alamcode , a personal blogging site of my colleague Manaf. Have many web development materials like CSS, Xhtml, php etc. Also have articles for LAMP technologies. am recommending this site, you can find variety of articles in this, cheers ;)

2007-04-27T09:52:00.000-07:00

Munnar water theme park ;)

2007-04-27T09:48:00.000-07:00

With Anoop , Jayan and Lijo

2007-04-27T09:41:00.000-07:00

Memorable moments

jQuery

2007-04-25T22:32:00.001-07:00

jQuery is a fast, concise, JavaScript Library that simplifies how you traverse HTML documents, handle events, perform animations, and add Ajax interactions to your web pages. jQuery is designed to change the

way that you write JavaScript.

jQuery is a Javascript library that takes this motto to heart: Writing Javascript code should be fun.

jQuery achieves this goal by taking common, repetitive, tasks, stripping out all the unnecessary markup, and leaving them short, smart and understandable.

* jQuery supports CSS 1-3 and basic XPath.

* jQuery is about 15kb in size.

* jQuery works in Internet Explorer 5.5+, Firefox 1.0+, Safari 1.3+, and Opera 8.5+.

http://www.visualjquery.com/

http://jquery.com

clipped from: jquery.com

Our Team leader

2007-04-24T22:46:00.001-07:00

Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam , born on 15th October 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu state of India. He has been a part of ISRO for about two decades and lead India for becoming an exclusive member of Space Clob. He was the Project Director of India's first Satellite launch Vehicle (SLV - lll) also he has been the part of AGNI and PRITHVI Missiles and more.

He won several awards and Fellow from many professional universites of India and abroad. Also he has been avarded the most civilian awards, Padma Bhushan (1981), Padma Vibhushan (1990) and the highest civilian award Bharat Ratna (1997). Also he received doctorates from about 30 universities and institutions. On 25th July 2002, he became the 11th President of India. Unlike other Pesident's of India, he find his time to spend with the children, sharing ideas with childrens and giving inspiration to the people of India. We can say proudly that we have a team leader to lead our nation other than any other country in this world. My personal request is ( not only mine, the all india citizen ) to extend his term as the President of India also for the next 5 years. It would be a great honour for the people of India.

Microsoft Word Short keys

2007-04-23T05:45:00.000-07:00

1
Ctrl + Shift + A
AllCaps
Makes the selection all capitals (toggle)

2
Alt + Ctrl + 1
ApplyHeading1
Applies Heading 1 style to the selected text

3
Alt + Ctrl + 2
ApplyHeading2
Applies Heading 2 style to the selected text

4
Alt + Ctrl + 3
ApplyHeading3
Applies Heading 3 style to the selected text

5
Ctrl + Shift + L
ApplyListBullet
Applies List Bullet style to the selected text

6
Alt + F10
AppMaximize
Enlarges the application window to full size

7
Alt + F5
AppRestore
Restores the application window to normal size

8
Ctrl+B
Bold
Makes the selection bold (toggle)

9
Ctrl + PgDn
BrowseNext
Jump to the next browse object

10
Ctrl + PgUp
BrowsePrev
Jump to the previous browse object

11
Alt + Ctrl + Home
BrowseSel
Select the next/prev browse object

12
Esc
Cancel
Terminates an action

13
Ctrl+E
CenterPara
Centers the paragraph between the indents

14
Shift+F3
ChangeCase
Changes the case of the letters in the selection

15
Left arrow
CharLeft
Moves the insertion point to the left one character

16
Shift + Left arrow
CharLeftExtend
Extends the selection to the left one character

17
Rt arrow
CharRight
Moves the insertion point to the right one character

18
Shift + Rt arrow
CharRightExtend
Extends the selection to the right one character

19
Alt + Shift + C
ClosePane
Closes the active window pane (if you are in Normal View and have, for example, the Footnote pane open)

20
Alt+Drag (or press Ctrl + Shift + F8 and drag, but Alt + Drag is far easier!)
ColumnSelect
Selects a columnar block of text

21
Ctrl +Shift+C
CopyFormat
Copies the formatting of the selection

22
Shift + F2
CopyText
Makes a copy of the selection without using the clipboard (press Return to paste)

23
Alt + F3
CreateAutoText
Adds an AutoText entry to the active template

24
Ctrl+ Backspace
DeleteBackWord
Deletes the previous word without putting it on the Clipboard

25
Ctrl + Del
DeleteWord
Deletes the next word without putting it on the Clipboard

26
Ctrl+W, Ctrl+F4
DocClose
Prompts to save the document and then closes the active window. (But doesn’t intercept the menu command)

27
Ctrl + F10
DocMaximize
Enlarges the active window to full size

28
Ctrl + F7
DocMove
Changes the position of the active window

29
Ctrl + F5
DocRestore
Restores the window to normal size

30
Ctrl + F8
DocSize
Changes the size of the active window

31
Alt + Ctrl + S
DocSplit
Splits the active window horizontally and then adjusts the split

32
Alt + Shift + F9
DoFieldClick
Executes the action associated with macrobutton fields

33
Ctrl + Shift + D
DoubleUnderline
Double underlines the selection (toggle)

34
Alt R, G
DrawGroup
Groups the selected drawing objects

35
Alt R, I
DrawSnapToGrid
Sets up a grid for aligning drawing objects

36
Alt R, U
DrawUngroup
Ungroups the selected group of drawing objects

37
Ctrl+Shift+F5 (Or: Alt I, K)
EditBookmark
Brings up the bookmark dialog

38
Del
EditClear
Performs a forward delete or removes the selection without putting it on the Clipboard

39
Ctrl+C
EditCopy
Copies the selection and puts it on the Clipboard

40
Ctrl+X
EditCut
Cuts the selection and puts it on the Clipboard

41
Ctrl+F
EditFind
Finds the specified text or the specified formatting

42
F5, Ctrl+G
EditGoTo
Jumps to a specified place in the active document

43
Alt E, K
EditLinks
Allows links to be viewed, updated, opened, or removed

44
Ctrl+V
EditPaste
Inserts the Clipboard contents at the insertion point

45
Alt E, S
EditPasteSpecial
Inserts the Clipboard contents as a linked object, embedded object, or other format

46
Alt + Shift + Backspc
EditRedo
Redoes the last action that was undone

47
F4
EditRedoOrRepeat
Repeats the last command, or redoes the last action that was undone (unfortunately, doesn’t work for as many commands in Word 2000 as in Word 97 and below, but this is still one of Word’s most useful shortcuts, if not the most useful)

48
Ctrl+H
EditReplace
Finds the specified text or the specified formatting and replaces it

49
Ctrl+A
EditSelectAll
Selects the entire document

50
Ctrl+Z
EditUndo
Reverses the last action

51
Alt + PageDn (to select to end of column, use Alt + Shift + PgDn)
EndOfColumn
Moves to the last cell in the current table column

52
Ctrl+Shift+End
EndOfDocExtend
Extends the selection to the end of the last line of the document

53
Ctrl+End
EndOfDocument
Moves the insertion point to the end of the last line of the document

54
End
EndOfLine
Moves the insertion point to the end of the current line

55
Shift+End
EndOfLineExtend
Extends the selection to the end of the current line

56
Alt+End
EndOfRow
Moves to the last cell in the current row

57
Alt + Ctrl + PgDn
EndOfWindow
Moves the insertion point to the end of the last visible line on the screen

58
Shift + Alt + Ctrl + PgDn
EndOfWindowExtend
Extends the selection to the end of the last visible line on the screen

59
F8 (press Esc to turn off)
ExtendSelection
Turns on extend selection mode and then expands the selection with the direction keys

60
Alt + F4 (<9>)
FileCloseOrExit
Closes the current document, or if no documents are open, quits Word. Horrible command, as it makes it a long winded business to quit Word. But there’s a simple solution - assign Alt+F4 to FileExit instead.

61
Alt + F4 (Word 97)
FileExit
Quits Microsoft Word and prompts to save the documents (does intercept the menu item, but not the keyboard shortcut, or the x button. An AutoExit macro is usually a better way of intercepting this).

62
NOT Ctrl+N!!
FileNew
Creates a new document or template (brings up the dialog). Note that: Word pretends that Ctrl+N is assigned to FileNew but it isn’t, it’s assigned to FileNewDefault You can fix this in Word 2000 by assigning Ctrl+N to the FileNewDialog command. In Word 97 the only way to fix it is to create a macro called FileNew (to do this, press Alt + F8, type “FileNew” without the quotes and Click “Create”. The macro will automatically contain the code needed to make it work).

63
Ctrl+N
FileNewDefault
Creates a new document based on the Normal template.

64
Ctrl+O
FileOpen
Opens an existing document or template

65
Alt F, U
FilePageSetup
Changes the page setup of the selected sections

66
Ctrl + P
FilePrint
Prints the active document (brings up the dialog)

67
Ctrl+F2
FilePrintPreview
Displays full pages as they will be printed

68
Alt F, I
FileProperties
Shows the properties of the active document

69
Ctrl+S
FileSave
FileSave

70
Alt F, A (or F12)
FileSaveAs
Saves a copy of the document in a separate file (brings up the dialog)

71
Ctrl+Shift+F
Font
Activates the Fonts listbox on the formatting toolbar

72
Ctrl+Shift+P
FontSizeSelect
Activates the Font Size drop-down on the formatting toolbar

73
Alt + Ctrl + K
FormatAutoFormat
Automatically formats a document (or sometimes, automatically screws it up)

74
Alt O, B
FormatBordersAndSha ding
Changes the borders and shading of the selected paragraphs, table cells, and pictures

75
Alt O, E
FormatChangeCase
Changes the case of the letters in the selection

76
Alt O, C
FormatColumns
Changes the column format of the selected sections (brings up the dialog)

77
Alt O, D
FormatDropCap
Formats the first character of current paragraph as a dropped capital (must select it first)

78
Ctrl+D
FormatFont
Brings up the Format + Font dialog

79
Alt + Shift + R
FormatHeaderFooterL ink
Links the current header/footer to the previous section (but does not intercept the button on the Header Footer toolbar)

80
Alt O, P
FormatParagraph
Brings up the Format Paragraph dialog

81
Alt O, S
FormatStyle
Applies, creates, or modifies styles

82
Alt O, T
FormatTabs
Brings up the Format Tabs dialog

83
Shift + F5
GoBack
Returns to the previous insertion point (goes back to up to 3 points, then returns to where you started; this is one of the most useful shortcuts of them all. Also useful when opening a document, if you want to g straight to where you were last editing it)

84
Ctrl + >
GrowFont
Increases the font size of the selection

85
Ctrl + ]
GrowFontOnePoint
Increases the font size of the selection by one point

86
Ctrl + T (or drag the ruler)
HangingIndent
Increases the hanging indent

87
F1
Help
Microsoft Word Help

88
Shift + F1
HelpTool
Lets you get help on a command or screen region or examine text properties

89
Ctrl + Shift + H
Hidden
Makes the selection hidden text (toggle)

90
Click on it
HyperlinkOpen
Connect to a hyperlink’s address

91
Ctrl + M (or drag the ruler)
Indent
Moves the left indent to the next tab stop

92
Alt + Ctrl + M (or Alt I, M)
InsertAnnotation
Inserts a comment

93
F3
InsertAutoText
Replaces the name of the AutoText entry with its contents

94
Alt I, B
InsertBreak
Ends a page, column, or section at the insertion point

95
Alt I, C
InsertCaption
Inserts a caption above or below a selected object

96
Ctrl + Shift + Return
InsertColumnBreak
Inserts a column break at the insertion point

97
Alt + Shift + D
InsertDateField
Inserts a date field

98
Alt + Ctrl + D
InsertEndnoteNow
Inserts an endnote reference at the insertion point without displaying the dialog

99
Alt I, F
InsertField
Inserts a field in the active document

100
Ctrl+F9
InsertFieldChars
Inserts an empty field with the enclosing field characters

101
Alt I, L
InsertFile
Inserts the text of another file into the active document

102
Alt I, N
InsertFootnote
Inserts a footnote or endnote reference at the insertion point

103
Alt + Ctrl + F
InsertFootnoteNow
Inserts a footnote reference at the insertion point without displaying the dialog

104
Ctrl + K
InsertHyperlink
Insert Hyperlink

105
Alt I, D
InsertIndexAndTable s
Inserts an index or a table of contents, figures, or authorities into the document

106
Alt + Ctrl + L
InsertListNumField
Inserts a ListNum Field

107
Alt + Shift + F
InsertMergeField
Brings up a dialog to insert a mail merge field at the insertion point. (It does not intercept the button on the Mail merge. toolbar)

108
Ctrl + Return
InsertPageBreak
Inserts a page break at the insertion point

109
Alt + Shift + P
InsertPageField
Inserts a page number field

110
Ctrl + Shift + F3
InsertSpike
Empties the spike AutoText entry and inserts all of its contents into the document

111
Alt + Shift + T
InsertTimeField
Inserts a time field

112
Ctrl + I
Italic
Makes the selection italic (toggle)

113
Ctrl + J
JustifyPara
Aligns the paragraph at both the left and the right indent

114
Ctrl + L
LeftPara
Aligns the paragraph at the left indent

115
Down arrow
LineDown
Moves the insertion point down one line

116
Shift + down arrow
LineDownExtend
Extends the selection down one line

117
Up arrow
LineUp
Moves the insertion point up one line

118
Shift + up arrow
LineUpExtend
Extends the selection up one line

119
Ctrl + F11
LockFields
Locks the selected fields to prevent updating

120
Alt + Shift + K
MailMergeCheck
Checks for errors in a mail merge

121
Alt+Shift+E
MailMergeEditDataSo urce
Lets you edit a mail merge data source

122
Alt + Shift + N
MailMergeToDoc
Collects the results of the mail merge in a document

123
Alt Shift + M
MailMergeToPrinter
Sends the results of the mail merge to the printer

124
Alt + Shift + I
MarkCitation
Marks the text you want to include in the table of authorities

125
Alt + Shift + X
MarkIndexEntry
Marks the text you want to include in the index

126
Alt + Shift + O
MarkTableOfContents Entry
Inserts a TC field (but it is far better to use Heading Styles to generate your Table of Contents instead)

127
Alt or F10
MenuMode
Makes the menu bar active

128
Alt + Shift + F11
MicrosoftScriptEdit or
Starts or switches to Microsoft Development Environment application, allowing you to view the HTML/XML source code that would be behind the document if it were in ..htm format (or that is behind it if it already is in .htm format).

129
Alt + Ctrl + F1
MicrosoftSystemInfo
Execute the Microsoft System Info application

130
F2
MoveText
Moves the selection to a specified location without using the clipboard (press Return to execute the more)

131
Tab
NextCell
Moves to the next table cell

132
F11
NextField
Moves to the next field

133
Alt + F7
NextMisspelling
Find next spelling error

134
Alt + down arrow
NextObject
Moves to the next object on the page

135
Ctrl + F6
NextWindow
Switches to the next document window, equivalent to selecting a document from the Window menu.

136
Ctrl+Shift+N
NormalStyle
Applies the Normal style

137
Ctrl + 0
OpenOrCloseUpPara
Sets or removes extra spacing above the selected paragraph

138
F6
OtherPane
Switches to another window pane in Normal View (for instance, if you have if you have a Footnotes pane open in Normal view and want to switch to the main document and back without closing the pane).

139
Alt + _
OutlineCollapse
Collapses an Outline in Outline View by one level

140
Alt+Shift+rt arrow
OutlineDemote
Demotes the selected paragraphs one heading level

141
Alt + +
OutlineExpand
Expands an Outline in Outline View by one level

142
Alt+Shift+down arrow
OutlineMoveDown
Moves the selection below the next item in the outline

143
Alt+Shift+up arrow
OutlineMoveUp
Moves the selection above the previous item in the outline

144
Alt+Shift+left arrow
OutlinePromote
Promotes the selected paragraphs one heading level

145
Alt + Shift + L
OutlineShowFirstLin e
Toggles between showing the first line of each paragraph only or showing all of the body text in the outline

146
Ins
Overtype
Toggles the typing mode between replacing and inserting

147
PgDn
PageDown
Moves the insertion point and document display to the next screen of text

148
Shift+ PgDn
PageDownExtend
Extends the selection and changes the document display to the next screen of text

149
PgUp
PageUp
Moves the insertion point and document display to the previous screen of text

150
Shift + PgUp
PageUpExtend
Extends the selection and changes the document display to the previous screen of text

151
Ctrl + down arrow
ParaDown
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph

152
Shift + Ctrl + down arrow
ParaDownExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the next paragraph

153
Ctrl + up arrow
ParaUp
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph

154
Shift + Ctrl + up arrow
ParaUpExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the previous paragraph

155
Ctrl+Shift+V
PasteFormat
Applies the previously copied formatting to selection

156
Shift + Tab
PrevCell
Moves to the previous table cell

157
Shift + F11
PrevField
Moves to the previous field

158
Alt + up arrow
PrevObject
Moves to the previous object on the page

159
Ctrl + Shift + F6
PrevWindow
Switches back to the previous document window

160
Sfift+F4
RepeatFind
Repeats Go To or Find to find the next occurrence

161
Ctrl+Spacebar
ResetChar
Makes the selection the default character format of the applied style

162
Ctrl+Q
ResetPara
Makes the selection the default paragraph format of the applied style

163
Ctrl +R
RightPara
Aligns the paragraph at the right indent

164
Ctrl + *
ShowAll
Shows/hides all nonprinting characters

165
Alt + Shift + A
ShowAllHeadings
Displays all of the heading levels and the body text in Outline View

166
Ctrl + <
ShrinkFont
Decreases the font size of the selection

167
Ctrl + [
ShrinkFontOnePoint
Decreases the font size of the selection by one point

168
Ctrl + Shift + K
SmallCaps
Makes the selection small capitals (toggle)

169
Ctrl + 1
SpacePara1
Sets the line spacing to single space

170
Ctrl + 5
SpacePara15
Sets the line spacing to one-and-one- half space

171
Ctrl + 2
SpacePara2
Sets the line spacing to double space

172
Ctrl + F3
Spike
Deletes the selection and adds it to the “Spike” AutoText entry (which allows you to move text and graphics from nonadjacent locations)

173
Alt + PgUp
StartOfColumn
Moves to the first cell in the current column

174
Ctrl+Shift+Home
StartOfDocExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the first line of the document

175
Ctrl +Home
StartOfDocument
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the first line of the document

176
Home
StartOfLine
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the current line

177
Shift+Home
StartOfLineExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the current line

178
Alt+Home
StartOfRow
Moves to the first cell in the current row

179
Alt+Ctrl+PgUp
StartOfWindow
Moves the insertion point to the beginning of the first visible line on the screen

180
Shift+ Alt+Ctrl+PgUp
StartOfWindowExtend
Extends the selection to the beginning of the first visible line on the screen

181
Strl + Shift + S
Style
Activates the Style drop-down on the Formatting toolbar

182
Ctrl + =
Subscript
Makes the selection subscript (toggle)

183
Ctrl + +
Superscript
Makes the selection superscript (toggle)

184
Ctrl + Shift + Q
SymbolFont
Applies the Symbol font to the selection

185
Alt A, F
TableAutoFormat
Applies a set of formatting to a table

186
Alt A, H
TableHeadings
Toggles table headings attribute on and off

187
Alt + click
(Alt + drag to select several)
TableSelectColumn
Selects the current column in a table

188
Click in left margin
TableSelectRow
Selects the current row in a table

189
Alt + double-click
TableSelectTable
Selects an entire table

190
Alt + Ctrl + U
TableUpdateAutoForm at
Updates the table formatting to match the applied Table Autoformat settings

191
Shift + F9 (Alt + F9 toggles all field codes on or off)
ToggleFieldDisplay
Shows the field codes or the results for the selection (toggle)

192
Alt T, C
ToolsCustomize
Allows you to customizes the Word user interface (menus, keyboard and toolbars) and store the customizations in a template (defaults to Normal.dot, so be careful!)

193
Alt + F8
ToolsMacro
Runs, creates, deletes, or revises a macro

194
F7
ToolsProofing
Checks the spelling and grammar in the active document

195
Ctr.l + Shift + E
ToolsRevisionMarksT oggle
Toggles track changes for the active document

196
Shift + F7
ToolsThesaurus
Finds a synonym for the selected word

197
Ctrl+U
Underline
Formats the selection with a continuous underline (toggle)

198
Ctrl + Shift + T
(or drag the ruler)
UnHang
Decreases the hanging indent

199
Ctrl + Shift + M
(or drag the ruler)
UnIndent
Moves the left indent to the previous tab stop

200
Ctrl+Shift+F9
UnlinkFields
Permanently replaces the field codes with the results

201
Ctrl + Shift + F11
UnlockFields
Unlocks the selected fields for updating

202
F9
UpdateFields
Updates and displays the results of the selected fields

203
Ctrl + Shiift + F7
UpdateSource
Copies the modified text of a linked file back to its source file

204
Hover over comment
ViewAnnotations
Show or hide the comment pane

205
Dbl-click the endnote reference
ViewEndnoteArea
If in Normal View, opens a pane for viewing and editing the endnote (toggle). If in Page/Print Layout View, switches from the body text to the endnote or vice versa

206
At + F9
ViewFieldCodes
Shows the field codes or results for all fields (toggle)

207
Dbl-click the footnote reference
ViewFootnoteArea
If in Normal View, opens a pane for viewing and editing the footnote (toggle). If in Page/Print Layout View, switches from the body text to the footnote or vice versa.

208
Alt V, F
ViewFootnotes
If in Normal View, opens a pane for viewing and editing footnotes and endnotes (toggle). If in Page/Print Layout View, switches from the body text to the footnotes/endnotes or vice versa.

209
Alt V, H
ViewHeader
Displays header in page layout view

210
Alt V, N
(or Alt + Ctrl + N)
ViewNormal
Changes the editing view to normal view

211
Alt V, O
(or Alt + Ctrl + O)
ViewOutline
Displays a document’s outline

212
Alt V, P
(or Alt + Ctrl + P)
ViewPage
Displays the page more-or-less as it will be printed, and allows editing (In Word 2000 the menu item is called Print Layout, but fortunately the command hasn’t changed.

213
Alt + F11
ViewVBCode
Shows the VB editing environment (Tools + Macro + Visual Basic Editor)

214
Alt + left arrow
WebGoBack
Backward hyperlink (useful if you clicked on a page number hyperlink in the table of contents and then want to return to the TOC)

215
Alt + rt arrow
WebGoForward
Forward hyperlink

216
Alt W, A
WindowArrangeAll
Arranges windows as non-overlapping tiles

217
Ctrl + left arrow
WordLeft
Moves the insertion point to the left one word

218
Shift + Ctrl + left arrow
WordLeftExtend
Extends the selection to the left one word

219
Ctrl + rt arrow
WordRight
Moves the insertion point to the right one word

220
Shift + Ctrl + rt arrow
WordRightExtend
Extends the selection to the right one word

221
Ctrl + Shift + W
WordUnderline
Underlines the words but not the spaces in the selection (toggle)

Who will be the winner of Worldcup 2007 ?

2007-04-23T05:02:00.001-07:00

* Austalia

* South Africa

* New Zealand

* Srilanka

Will Australia make a hat-trick in World cup ?

Will South Africa or New Zealand open their account in World cup ?

How can you rate each team ?

Sachin era comes to an end ?

2007-04-23T05:02:00.000-07:00

Sachin Tendulkar , a leading batsman in the cricket history. He is a key stone in the Indian Cricket. He have created many records, both in one day and test serious and those records are far away from the other cricket players in the world. Recently his performance in the team is poor. Is this shows his career comes to an end ?. Is he need to quit from the cricket ?

Easy way for creating sitemaps

2007-04-23T01:08:00.001-07:00

In 2005, the search engine Google launched the Sitemap 0.84 Protocol, which would be using the XML format.

A sitemap is a way of organizing a website, identifying the URLs and the data under each section. Previously, the sitemaps were primarily geared for the users of the website. However, Google’s XML format was designed for the search engines, allowing them to find the data faster and more efficiently.

Google’s new sitemap protocol was developed in response to the increasing size and complexity of websites. Business websites often contained hundreds of products in their catalogues; while the popularity of blogging led to webmasters updating their material at least once a day, not to mention popular community-building tools like forums and message boards. As websites got bigger and bigger, it was difficult for search engines to keep track of all this material, sometimes “skipping” information as it crawled through these rapidly changing pages.

Through the XML protocol, search engines could track the URLs more efficiently, optimizing their search by placing all the information in one page. XML also summarizes how frequently a particular website is updated, and records the last time any changes were made.

XML sitemaps were not, as some people thought, a tool for search engine optimization. It does not affect ranking, but it does allow search engines to make more accurate rankings and searches. It does this by providing the data that a search engine needs, and putting it one place-quite handy, given that there are millions of websites to plough through.

To encourage other search engines to adopt the XML protocol, Google published it under the Attribution/Share Alike Creative Commons license. Its efforts paid off. Recently, Google happily announced that Yahoo and Microsoft had agreed to “officially support” the XML protocol which has now been updated to the Sitemap 0.9 protocol and jointly sponsored www.sitemaps.org, a site setup to explain the protocol. This is good news for website owners, and an applaudable sign of cooperation between known competitors.

The shared recognition of the XML protocol means that website developers no longer need to create different types of sitemaps for the different search engines. They can create one file for submission, and then update it when they have made changes on the site. This simplifies the whole process of fine-tuning and expanding a website.

Through this move, the XML format will soon become a standard feature of all website creation and development. Webmasters themselves have begun to see the benefits that this file provides. Search engines rank a page according to the relevance of its content to particular key words-but until the XML format, there were instances when that content was not properly picked up. It was often frustrating for webmasters to realize that their efforts to build a website were left unseen. Blogs, additional pages, or even the addition of multimedia files took hours to create. Through the XML file, those hours will not be wasted, and will be seen by the three leading search engines-Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo.

In a recent move Ask.com has now begun to support xml sitemaps and in an update to the sitemaps protocol it is now possible to tell all search engines the location of your xml sitemap by placing an entry into your robots.txt file.

Sitemap: http://www.mysite.com/sitemap.xml

To create your xml sitemap and keep the search engines informed of changes to your site try our free online sitemap generator. In addition to an xml sitemap our free sitemap generator will also create an html sitemap which you can use for your human visitors.

Search Engine Optimization

2007-04-23T01:06:00.000-07:00

What is SEO ?

Search Engine Optimization is a process or technique of re engineering websites to get top ranking on the researched keywords or the keywords provided from the client Side on the major search engines specially Google / Yahoo and Msn.

Approx daily 550 Million English based searches are conducted on various search engines therefore having any website search engine optimized for relevant keywords will be fruitful in terms of improving website traffic and attracting more online customers.

Search Engine Optimization is very fruitful for ecommerce based websites seeking to turn their visitors into customers because with having search engine optimization they can not only get increased web traffic but also increased number of registered users for their product and services.

Is Search Engine Optimization required factor ?

Today internet has become a global market place where visitors are converting into customers. Ecommerce websites are proved to be the best sales increasing tools online and some of the best example of these are EBay and Amazon dot com.

Entrepreneur have realized the potential internet marketing therefore many business are averting towards internet based marketing Campaigns and therefore raising their funds specially to invest for internet based marketing.

Search Engine Optimization is the most preferred method to advertise business over internet, the core advantage of SEO is advertising business online to targeted audience that simply concludes that your business can receive maximum returns on investments along with increased web traffic and better visibility over search engine result pages are some of the added advantages.

What is Hosting ?

2007-04-23T01:00:00.000-07:00

HOST - A generic term used to describe a computer or program that makes a resource available, usually over a network. It is often used as a prefix along with other terms, such as host IP or host computer.

HOSTING – Is the process making a resource available…

SERVER – Is the machine that Hosts files, can be in the local office or in any part of the world connected to the net using high speed connections, Servers can have different Platforms or OS(Operating Systems)…

DOMAIN & DOMAIN NAME – Is the UNIQUE Friendly Identifier that connects to the Hosting Server through the IP(Internet Protocol) i.e. www.akhilraj.wordpress.com

IP ADDRESS – Is the UNIQUE Complex Identifier or Network Address, Each device that is connected to the net has one, in our case: Each server has it’s own IP Address Identify it over the net.

When we say “Change the A Level Records of that domain or in other words Point this domain to that IP” we mean by that is: Link the domain name with our server in order to be able to connect to the site, this process takes up to 3 hours due to Synchronization between Global Servers ad ISPs(Internet Service Providers).

External Style Sheet , a guideline for Webmasters

2007-04-23T00:52:00.000-07:00

Introduction

By using the Link Tag to load a basic external style sheet (CSS), it’s possible to control the look n feel of multiply WebPages by making changes to One style sheet. (Alternate: Advanced CSS Generator)

This means that it is easy to change font, bgcolor, background, etc on ALL pages - just by changing one external style sheet (CSS).

Types of external CSS.

The three types of external style sheets (persistent, preferred, or alternate) are explained in Detail at The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) (section 14.3). The most common external style sheet is the persistent link. The ‘link’ is always added to the Head Section i.e anywhere between the and the , add this code :

Example with code

This example is ’short n sweet’ because most other tutorials are overloaded with details.

Just create a text (ASCII) file named (style.css) that contains the code shown below. Put the style.css file in the same folder / directory as the file (or change the path in the href of the link).

Special Elements

To use special definitions, such as the .note shown at the end of the example, just use the Span tag to set the format around a section. For example, the .note defined in the example can be used for all footnotes on ALL pages by using this code

Note: blah blah

Note: The use of different definitions and the span tag is a powerful feature - allowing a consistent look n feel on all pages. Notice the period in the .note is required in the style sheet code. But when using the span tag, use just the name “note” without the period - as shown above.
style.css
(Sample Style Sheet)

body {
background-color: #FFFFF0;
font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;
font-size: 18px;
color: #00008B;
}

a { font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; color: #483D8B; text-decoration: underline}

a:hover { font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; color: #A52A2A; background-color: #FAEBD7}

h1 { font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 32px; color: #A52A2A }
h2 { font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; color: #A52A2A }

hr{ color:brown; background-color:tan; width:90%; height:2px; }

table {
font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;
font-size: 18px;
color: #00008B;
margin-top: 0px;
margin-right: 0px;
margin-bottom: 0px;
margin-left: 0px;
padding-top: 0px;
padding-right: 0px;
padding-bottom: 0px;
padding-left: 0px;
}

.note {
font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
color: purple;
font-weight: bold;
}